SOUTH INDIAN EMPIRE

The history of the southern part of India covers a span of over four thousand years during which the region saw the rise and fall of a number of dynasties and empires. The period of known history of the region begins with the Iron age (1200 BCE to 24 BCE) period until the 14th century CE.The major rulers or Dynasties of South Indian was:

(i) Satavahana (ii) Chola (iii) Chalukya (iv) Pallava (v) Rashtrakuta (vi) Kakatiya (vii) Hoysala

Chalukya Dynasty

Chalukya Dynasty was the great empire in the Deccan in the period 425 AD - 753 AD. According to the author Bilhana the orgin of the chalukya dynasty was from Ayodhya. The empire was established in the Deccan. After the Period of 753 AD they had emerged as a power in 10th to 12 th Century AD. They were well established and have great art. They conquer the most of the Deccan region. The Chalukya Dynasty covers Maharashtra and Most of the Karnataka. They are known as the one of the Major power in the south.

PUSHABHUKTI DYNASTY

  The Dynasty was spread over northern and western regions of India in the period 560 AD -647 AD. The most prominent ruler of the Dynasty was Prabhakaravardhana (560 AD - 606 AD ). He also known as Pratapalisha. His capital was established at the Tanesar, now in Haryana. Prabhakaravardhana died in 606 AD and his eldest son Rajjya Vardhana came into the power. Rajjyavardhana at his age of 16 killed in a battle against the Malwa King Devigupta and Gauda King Sasanka, Harshavardhana second son of Prabhakaravardhana became the ruler.

Gupta Dynasty

Gupta Empire was an ancient Indian empire which has its root in the 550 BC to 320 BC. Historians believe that Gupta dynasty was a Vaishya dynasty. Historians have controversories about the orgin of Gupta. Gupta where the inhabitants of Prayaga, currently Allahabad and some historians says the homeland is Bangladesh. Later in the Kushan Empire India was invaded by the foreigners and by many merchants. This was the reason for the emergence of the great Gupta Dynasty.

MAURYAN DYNASTY

The Mauryan Empire or Maurya Dynasty was in the period of 323 BC - 185 BC. The Kingdom has a great military which was the largest in the world at the time.

Alexander's Invasion

   

• The period of Alexander's invasion of India, India was ruled by petty kings. 
• In 326 BC, Alexander invaded India. After conquering Achaemenid Empire of Persia alexander started to the north-west side of India. 
• He crossed the river Indus and advanced towards Taxila. The king of Taxila, Ambhi welcomed him and his men. 

Buddhism and Jainism

   Buddhism and Jainism are the two religions in the sixth century BC. The two religions of the sixth century exist today. At this century the country was under the rule of sixteen great powers, The Mahajanapadas. The sixteen powers of The Mahajanapadas are Anga, Assaka(or Asmaka) ,Avanti ,Chedi, Gandhara, Kashi, Kamboja, Kosala, Kuru, Magadha, Malla, Machcha(or Matsya), Panchala, Surasena, Vriji, Vatsa. Some of these states were republic and some are monarchical.

Vedic Civilisation

     

• The Vedic age is associated with the coming of Aryans. 
• The period is between 1200 BC to 500 BC marked as the Vedi age. 
• The period was remarkable period in the history of India. 
• Aryans where the European scholars, pushed the Dravidans in the North India to the South India. 
• They used to live in villages or grams.

Indus Valley Cvilisation

The civilisation is also known as the Harappan civilisation. According to the historians, the period between 3000 BC and 1500 BC the civilisation Exists. The two major cities that discovered are Harappa and Mohenjadaro. Harappa was in the bank of river Ravi and Mohenjadaro was in the Indus. These two were found during the excavation in 1920. The remains of the civilisation shows that it is a part of large civilisation.

Foundation of Civilization

Paleolithic Age (3.3 million-12000 BC)

• They are also called a old stone age or lower paleolithic age. 
• These people are so called because they used stone as their tools instead of metal. 
• The tools made by the stone quartize and hence they are called as quartize men. 
• This is the lowest stage of civilization. 
• They were ignorant of using metal. 
• These people also used bones and wood as tools. 
• Fire has been used by these people lived in lower paleolithic age. 
• The use of fire has been common at middle paleolithic age.